B\u00e0i v\u0103n m\u1eabu s\u1ed1 1: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef :\u0110i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong kho t\u00e0ng ca dao, t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef cha \u00f4ng ta lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fac r\u00fat nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ed1ng, l\u1eddi r\u0103n d\u1ea1y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 mai sau. Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y bao la, nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft so v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t \u00edt, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng v\u01b0\u01a1n xa. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef \u201c\u0110i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n\u201d<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef \u201c\u0110i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n\u201d g\u1ed3m hai v\u1ebf song song h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1eabn nhau. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean, l\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u m\u00e0 cha \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00fac r\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef l\u00e0 khuy\u00ean ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean \u0111i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i,t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, m\u1edbi thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng m\u1edf mang ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u00e2u xa nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng\u201d kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, n\u00f3 mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng. \u201cNg\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u00f3i kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, kh\u00f4ng gian ng\u1eafn \u1edf xung quanh m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang ta, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c b\u1ed5 \u00edch. \u201cS\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n\u201d \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef n\u00e0y l\u00e0 khuy\u00ean ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 xung quanh n\u01a1i m\u00ecnh sinh s\u1ed1ng th\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00fac r\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u00edch cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u hay \u00fd \u0111\u1eb9p, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111i t\u00ecm, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi th\u00ec ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ebfn. Ch\u1ec9 khi b\u1ea1n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch t\u00ecm t\u00f2i v\u00e0 ch\u1eaft l\u1ecdc ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c th\u00ec b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00fd. KI\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 bao la, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u00eam ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c th\u00ec b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 h\u00f2a tan b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 gian nan nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c th\u00ec c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00fd v\u00e0 mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 l\u1edbn lao. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y qu\u00fd tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u00ecm t\u00f2i ra, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Xung quanh ch\u00fang ta, c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm t\u00f2i h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eefng th\u00ec b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ee5t h\u1eadu, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd m\u00e3i ch\u1ea1y theo ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1edfi v\u1eady h\u00e3y r\u1eddi b\u1ecf t\u1ed5 k\u00e9n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y m\u00ecnh c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7, l\u00e0 th\u1eeba, v\u1eady n\u00ean h\u00e3y kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng v\u01b0\u01a1n xa \u0111\u1ec3 trang b\u1ecb cho m\u00ecnh th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n v\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1ec1 sau.<\/p>\n

H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang cho c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef n\u00e0y, B\u00e1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u1edf m\u1ecdi l\u00fac, m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. B\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i gian kh\u1ed5 m\u00e0 t\u00ecm t\u00f2i v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd tr\u00e2n qu\u00fd nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00f3i quen. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9 th\u00ec s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p v\u1ec1 sau. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i v\u0103n m\u1eabu s\u1ed1 2<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft. Nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u00ec hi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n xung quanh ch\u00fang ta, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi l\u1ea1, h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn th\u00ec l\u1ea1i \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u, h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng cha ta n\u00ean t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef m\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u00e2u r\u1eb1ng: \u201c\u0110i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng, h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n\u201d.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef n\u00e0y mang hai v\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhau. \u201cM\u1ed9t\u201d \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u201cm\u1ed9t\u201d, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. C\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u00fd khuy\u00ean nh\u1ee7 ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y bi\u1ebft \u0111i \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf mang, t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. \u201cNg\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng\u201d \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p \u1ea9n d\u1ee5. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 quy \u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u hay l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ngo\u00e0i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1eady, ng\u1ee5 \u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 d\u00e2n gian c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i m\u1edbi m\u1ebb n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn m\u00e0 h\u00e3y ch\u1eaft l\u1ecdc, th\u1ea5m hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u00edch, s\u1ef1 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb n\u00e0o c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh hay h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua t\u1eeb \u201cs\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n\u201d. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1eady c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef n\u00e0y c\u00f2n n\u00f3i l\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 phong ph\u00fa, n\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o th\u00ec k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady. Ngo\u00e0i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i v\u0103n minh, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i giao l\u01b0u h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i trao \u0111\u1ed5i , bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, hay nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch \u0103n n\u00f3i ngo\u00e0i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u1ee9ng x\u1eed, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u00e1c nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 \u00e1o tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n. M\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7t ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u00edt.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 \u0111\u00f9a l\u00f4i k\u00e9o s\u1ef1 \u0111am m\u00ea c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 lu m\u1edd v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea5n ch\u00e2n v\u00e0o r\u1ed3i th\u00ec kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng r\u00fat ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Do \u0111\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a, th\u1eddi k\u00ec v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u00f2n x\u01a1 x\u00e0i, \u00f4ng cha ta \u0103n v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 c\u1ef1c nh\u1ecdc n\u00ean \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u00eam ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y khi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi lu\u1ef9 tre l\u00e0ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ecdng l\u1edbn lao c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng cha ta. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t v\u0103n minh, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc sang k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 theo k\u1ecbp nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp l\u1eabn nhau \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u0103n minh, l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t t\u0103ng cao \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c trong \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp th\u00ec d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn bi\u1ebft bao kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 kho t\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta t\u00edch lu\u1ef9. C\u00f3 bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec1u hay l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111ang ch\u1edd ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i, kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng th\u00eam s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh cho m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang ta. Tuy nhi\u00ean th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ngo\u00e0i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4n, h\u1ecdc ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng tinh tu\u00fd, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c th\u00ec l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft tr\u00e1nh xa. N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef tr\u00ean khuy\u00ean r\u0103n ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1ed3n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng cao \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i v\u0103n m\u1eabu s\u1ed1 3<\/strong><\/p>\n

“\u0110i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng, h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n” \u00d4ng cha ta th\u01b0\u1eddng khuy\u00ean con ch\u00e1u ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft giao thi\u1ec7p r\u1ed9ng, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, n\u00e2ng cao t\u1ea7m hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean thu m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7, m\u1ed9t x\u00f3 k\u1ebbo r\u1ed3i khi ra c\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eddi l\u1ea1i b\u1ee1 ng\u1ee1, cho\u00e1ng ng\u1ee3p tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, mu\u00f4n m\u00e0u mu\u00f4n s\u1eafc m\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p theo l\u1ed1i \u1ebfch ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1y gi\u1ebfng ch\u01b0a cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y, ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi. C\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef \u0111i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng, h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng cha ta \u0111\u00e3 m\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o, khuy\u00ean d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng, mu\u1ed1n n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi, mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c r\u1ed9ng, am hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eddi, ph\u1ea3i l\u0103n l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, ph\u1ea3i \u0111i nhi\u1ec1u, ph\u1ea3i \u0111i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 thu l\u01b0\u1ee3m, h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn, t\u1ea7m hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

\u1ede c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef \u0111i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng, h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n, x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a, c\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e0ng l\u00e0 h\u01a1i kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec1n Trung v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1i kh\u00f3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7, c\u00e1c t\u1eeb ng\u1eef k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh danh v\u1eeba c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba r\u1ea5t tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng v\u1eeba c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng gian v\u1eeba c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1eddi gian. Khi ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9nh th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, d\u1ec5 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. D\u1eabu v\u1eady, c\u1ea3 v\u1ebf th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng c\u0169ng to\u00e1t l\u00ean c\u00e1i \u00fd \u201cc\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ra \u0111i trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00f9 l\u00e0 ng\u1eafn\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1, l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n. Trong s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi v\u1ebf th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng th\u00ec v\u1ebf th\u1ee9 hai h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n h\u00e0m ch\u1ec9 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, thu nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. S\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n trong c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u00ed th\u00fa. D\u00e2n gian hay d\u00f9ng s\u00e0ng v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a \u0111en ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111an b\u1eb1ng tre, h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n, n\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u01b0a c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea5u v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m cho g\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m danh t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111ong, \u0111o, \u0111\u1ebfm b\u1eb1ng s\u00e0ng trong quan ni\u1ec7m d\u00e2n gian l\u00e0 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u. M\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng gi\u1eefa l\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng x\u00f3 b\u1ebfp l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp gi\u1eefa s\u1ed1 \u00edt v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u. V\u1eady, h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau c\u00e1i hay, c\u00e1i t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. N\u1ebfu th\u1ea3 m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o trong s\u1ef1 li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng, th\u00ec \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n n\u00e0y. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i \u1edf tr\u00ean s\u00e0ng l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 to h\u01a1n, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u00e1i l\u1ecdt xu\u1ed1ng, l\u1ecdt qua s\u00e0ng l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ecf. L\u1ecdt s\u00e0ng xu\u1ed1ng nia m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i! S\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n c\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 g\u1ee3i n\u00ean s\u1ef1 li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u00f3i chung, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00e1i s\u1ed1 lu\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc. Kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u cha \u00f4ng ta c\u00f3 g\u1eedi g\u1eafm \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, nh\u1eefng li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 l\u00fd. Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef \u0111i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n, hai v\u1ebf c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7p d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: h\u1ec5 c\u1ee9 \u0111i ra l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u hay l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng \u0111i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n l\u1edbn tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a cha \u00f4ng g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1eddi sau.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef \u0111i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c n\u1eefa l\u00e0 \u0111i m\u1ed9t qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u00e0ng, h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n. D\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c \u0111i l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng gian (qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng) ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian (ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng) nh\u01b0 d\u1ea1ng \u0111ang x\u00e9t. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m phu\u01a1ng h\u1ea1i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n

G\u1ea7n v\u1edbi c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef \u0111i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef \u0111i m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i ch\u1ee3, h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t m\u1edb kh\u00f4n. C\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef n\u00e0y khuy\u00ean b\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, c\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4n l\u1edbn trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i v\u0103n m\u1eabu s\u1ed1 4: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e2u \u201c \u0110i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng, h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n\u201d.<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nay, \u00f4ng cha ta th\u01b0\u1eddng khuy\u00ean con ch\u00e1u ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft giao l\u01b0u r\u1ed9ng, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, n\u00e2ng cao t\u1ea7m hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean thu m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7, m\u1ed9t x\u00f3 k\u1ebbo r\u1ed3i khi ra c\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eddi l\u1ea1i b\u1ee1 ng\u1ee1, cho\u00e1ng ng\u1ee3p tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, mu\u00f4n m\u00e0u mu\u00f4n s\u1eafc m\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p theo l\u1ed1i \u201c\u1ebech ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1y gi\u1ebfng\u201d ch\u01b0a cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y, ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi. C\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef \u201c\u0110i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng, h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e2u tr\u00ean, \u201c\u0111i\u201d l\u00e0 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng ra ngo\u00e0i, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i; \u201c\u0111\u00e0ng\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, \u00fd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf XH. \u201c\u0110i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. \u201cH\u1ecdc\u201d l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, thu nh\u1eadn ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n k\u0129 n\u0103ng; \u201cs\u00e0ng\u201d l\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0m g\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ng` n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n x\u01b0a: h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n, \u0111an b\u1eb1ng tre ch\u1ee9a \u0111c t\u1eebng m\u1ebb th\u00f3c sau khi xay, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1ecdt h\u1ea1t g\u1ea1o. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, s\u00e0ng l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 ch\u1ee9a \u0111c nhi\u1ec1u, l\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. \u201cH\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi \u0111c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ed5 \u00edch. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn h\u00e0m x\u00fac, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1ea7n l\u01b0ng, nh\u1ecbp 4\/4 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 d\u00e2n gian khuy\u00ean b\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc \u0111c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ed5 \u00edch gi\u00fap ta c\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4n l\u1edbn trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eadt v\u1eady! \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng qu\u00fd gi\u00e1! V\u00ec sao \u01b0 ? V\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh s\u1ed1ng ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft quanh qu\u1ea9n trong m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 th\u00ec nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf c\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu ta m\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh trong kh\u00f4ng gian r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn bao la th\u00ec hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng \u0111c nhi\u1ec1u, b\u1edfi: khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i tham quan th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf hay c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp \u0111i xa \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn, t\u1eadn m\u1eaft quan s\u00e1t, t\u1eadn tai nghe th\u1ea5y th\u00ec m\u1edbi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang. Cho n\u00ean d\u00e2n gian m\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \u201cTr\u0103m nghe kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ea5y\u201d l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Khi b\u01b0\u1edbc ra th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u ta c\u0169ng s\u1ebd t\u00ecnh c\u1edd h\u1ecdc \u0111c nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ngay c\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong s\u00e1ch v\u1edf. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0: n\u00f3i n\u0103ng l\u1ec5 ph\u00e9p, c\u01b0 x\u1eed hi\u1ec1n h\u00f2a, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i, n\u00f3i l\u1eddi xin l\u1ed7i, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ni\u1ec1m vui,\u2026 Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 t\u1eeb ai, t\u1eeb c\u1eadu b\u00e9 tr\u1ebb th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee5 gi\u00e0 b\u1ea1c t\u00f3c, hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 ng` m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng quen bi\u1ebft. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fa \u1ebfch do s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y trong c\u00e1i gi\u1ebfng h\u1eb9p, t\u1ef1 th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ch\u00faa t\u1ec3 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00e1m cua, \u1ed1c xung quanh. Nh\u00ecn tr\u1eddi qua m\u1eb7t gi\u1ebfng, \u1ebfch ta th\u1ea5y tr\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i vung. \u0110\u1ebfn khi m\u01b0a to, n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2ng l\u00ean, \u1ebfch ra kh\u1ecfi gi\u1ebfng, \u0111i l\u1ea1i ngh\u00eanh ngang, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn xung quanh, n\u00ean b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t con tr\u00e2u \u0111i qua d\u1eabm b\u1eb9p. Nd\u00e2n m\u01b0\u1ee3n c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta r\u1eb1ng ng` hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p nh\u01b0 \u1ebfch ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1y gi\u1ebfng th\u00ec d\u1ec5 ng\u00f4ng cu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ngu ng\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi khuy\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ea7m hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Tuy nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111c \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef tr\u00ean nh\u01b0ng \u201cs\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n\u201d c\u1ee7a ta sau \u201cm\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng\u201d c\u00f3 phong ph\u00fa th\u00eam \u0111c hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 quan m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. H\u1ecdc \u0111c ngi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt, h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u hay v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1edf c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean h\u1ea1; ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m th\u00f3i h\u01b0 t\u1eadt x\u1ea5u sau nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i\u2026 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. V\u1eady n\u00ean, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u201cs\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n\u201d c\u00f2n g\u1ee3i suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc, ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c b\u1ed5 \u00edch (tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf quan s\u00e1t, chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m, h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng sau m\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh) sau m\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh. C\u00f3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1edbi \u201ckh\u00f4n\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng, l\u1ecbch l\u00e3m, uy\u00ean b\u00e1c. Trong kho t\u00e0ng d\u00e2n gian Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u cao dao, t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh n\u1ed9i dung t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1:
\n\u0110i m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i ch\u1ee3, h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t m\u1edb kh\u00f4n.
\n(T\u1ee5c ng\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam)
\n\u0110i cho bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2y
\n\u1ede nh\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1eb9 bi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o kh\u00f4n.
\n(Ca dao Vi\u1ec7t Nam)
\n\u201cDu l\u1ecbch t\u0103ng th\u00eam v\u1ed1n li\u1ebfng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4n ngoan v\u00e0 l\u00e0m kh\u1ed5 k\u1ebb ng\u1ed1c.\u201d
\n(T\u1ee5c ng\u1eef Anh)<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u00fd ngh\u0129a trong t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00fang cho nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t huy truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta v\u00e0 tr\u00ean h\u1ebft l\u00e0 h\u00e3y h\u1ecdc trong c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 1 kho t\u00e0ng qu\u00ed b\u00e1u m\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf ban t\u1eb7ng cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n ch\u1edd ch\u00fang ta kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 t\u00ecm t\u00f2i kho t\u00e0ng \u1ea5y. C\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef \u201c\u0110i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n\u201d \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u th\u00eam cho kho t\u00e0ng \u201ct\u00fai kh\u00f4n\u201d c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc th\u1ea5m th\u00eda s\u00e2u s\u1eafc m\u00e0 \u00f4ng cha ta r\u0103n d\u1ea1y, khuy\u00ean b\u1ea3o con ch\u00e1u bao \u0111\u1eddi nay v\u1eabn \u0111c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n m\u00e3i m\u00e3i\u2026<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i v\u0103n m\u1eabu s\u1ed1 5<\/strong><\/p>\n

X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 nh\u1edd qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng n\u00e2ng cao tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Tri th\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi. H\u1ecdc trong s\u00e1ch v\u1edf, h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, \u00f4ng cha ta x\u01b0a kia \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn, t\u1ea7m hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u00ean nh\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean con ch\u00e1u: \u0110i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng, h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i phong ki\u1ebfn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7, l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n quanh n\u0103m su\u1ed1t th\u00e1ng ch\u1ec9 quanh qu\u1ea9n trong lu\u1ef9 tre xanh, ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0ng x\u00e3. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi ch\u1eb3ng b\u01b0\u1edbc ra kh\u1ecfi c\u1ed5ng l\u00e0ng. S\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i xa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm hoi. V\u00ec v\u1eady, tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i chung r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c n\u00e2ng cao l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Tuy v\u1eady, trong s\u1ef1 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7, l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, v\u1eabn l\u00f3e l\u00ean nh\u1eefng tia s\u00e1ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft. \u0110i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng, h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng (\u00fd n\u00f3i th\u1eddi gian \u00edt \u1ecfi v\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng xa l\u00e0 bao so v\u1edbi n\u01a1i ta sinh s\u1ed1ng) th\u00ec ta d\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, g\u1ea7n g\u0169i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3 \u0111i xa th\u00ec ta s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5 \u00edch trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, b\u1edfi tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c n\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u01a1i n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 v\u00f4 v\u00e0n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u hay, \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ea1.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a con ch\u00e1u, \u00f4ng cha x\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u ca dao n\u1ed9i dung t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef tr\u00ean: L\u00e0m trai cho \u0111\u00e0ng n\u00ean trai, Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n c\u0169ng tr\u1ea3i, \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai c\u0169ng t\u1eebng; L\u00e0m trai \u0111i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i \u0111\u00e2y, \u1ede nh\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1eb9 bi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o kh\u00f4n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u00f4ng cha ta \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c \u0111i xa \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u00f2i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho ta l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap \u00edch cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed th\u1ed1 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn trong quan h\u1ec7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Trong g\u1ec9ai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay, vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf mang nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch. Mu\u1ed1n xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, mu\u1ed1n r\u00fat ng\u1eafn s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ch\u00fang ta chi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc: H\u1ecdc, h\u1ecdc n\u1eefa, h\u1ecdc m\u00e0i nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi L\u00eanin \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u hay, l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c, b\u1ed5 \u00edch cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean h\u1ecdc theo \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1edf, \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea5u, c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, vi\u1ec7c \u0111i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a. Ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do \u0111i l\u1ea1i, h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. H\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi b\u1eb1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tham quan, du l\u1ecbch h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi b\u1eb1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng du h\u1ecdc\u2026 Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp thu nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi m\u1ebb, ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u1ea7n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y hai m\u00e0 l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. H\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ecdc trong s\u00e1ch v\u1edf, h\u1ecdc l\u1eabn nhau v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc \u1edf cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao. C\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c, ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, m\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p h\u1eefu \u00edch cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. H\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb9p con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u2013 \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00f4ng cha mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eafn g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta. C\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef: \u0110i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng, h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n l\u00e0 t\u1ed3i khuy\u00ean qu\u00fd b\u00e1u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a; \u0111\u1ebfn nay n\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc qu\u00fd b\u00e1u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi 2 c\u00e1ch g\u1ee3i \u00fd d\u00e0n b\u00e0i chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 5 b\u00e0i v\u0103n m\u1eabu ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c \u201c\u0110i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n\u201d, chung t\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n sau khi \u0111\u1ecdc xong c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng vi\u1ebft cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i v\u0103n theo c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fac c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng!<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1ec1 b\u00e0i: Ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u \u201c\u0110i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n\u201d Em h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e2u \u201c\u0110i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n\u201d D\u00e0n b\u00e0i g\u1ee3i… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3010,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[264],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3009"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3009"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3009\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3010"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3009"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3009"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3009"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}