N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2017-2018<\/strong><\/h2>\nI. \u0110\u1eccC HI\u1ec2U (3 \u0111i\u1ec3m)<\/strong><\/p>\n\u0110\u1ecdc \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch sau v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u:<\/strong><\/p>\nTa kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gh\u00e9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch. <\/em><\/p>\nJ.J. Ru-x\u00f4 v\u00e0 V. Huy-g\u00f4, hai v\u0103n h\u00e0o \u1edf Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u ca t\u1ee5ng th\u00fa \u0111i ch\u01a1i b\u1ed9. <\/em><\/p>\nJ.J. Ru-x\u00f4 n\u00f3i: “L\u00fac n\u00e0o mu\u1ed1n \u0111i th\u00ec \u0111i, mu\u1ed1n ng\u1eebng th\u00ec ng\u1eebng, mu\u1ed1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt tu\u1ef3 \u00fd. C\u00e1i g\u00ec th\u00edch th\u00ec nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t, c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb9p th\u00ec ng\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. Ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y th\u00fa th\u00ec t\u00f4i \u1edf l\u1ea1i. H\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y ch\u00e1n th\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111i, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. <\/em><\/p>\nC\u00f2n V. Huy-g\u00f4 th\u00ec vi\u1ebft: “Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, t\u1ef1 do, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta vui v\u1ebb. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ng\u1eebng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u1ea1i \u0111i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n\u201d. <\/em><\/p>\nC\u00e1i th\u00fa t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i th\u00fa \u0111i ch\u01a1i b\u1ed9 \u1ea5y. T\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch, du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed \u00f3c, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch say m\u00ea g\u1ea5p tr\u0103m du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2n, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch trong kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1eabn th\u1eddi gian. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng. K\u1ec3 l\u00e0m sao h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y trong cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ch v\u1edf?<\/em><\/p>\n(Theo T\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc – m\u1ed9t nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, Nguy\u1ec5n Hi\u1ebfn L\u00ea, Ng\u1eef v\u0103n 11, t\u1eadp m\u1ed9t, NXB Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 2016, tr. 211 – 212)<\/em><\/p>\nC\u00e2u 1:<\/strong> C\u00e2u n\u00e0o n\u00eau l\u00ean \u00fd kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch?<\/p>\nC\u00e2u 2:<\/strong> N\u00eau t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a thao t\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch tr\u00eam.<\/p>\nC\u00e2u 3:<\/strong> D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch, h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec sao t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng: “Ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gh\u00e9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c”.<\/p>\nC\u00e2u 4:<\/strong> Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m: “Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng.” <\/em>gi\u00fap anh\/ch\u1ecb r\u00fat ra b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc g\u00ec cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n?<\/p>\nII. L\u00c0M V\u0102N (7,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m)<\/strong><\/p>\nC\u00e2u 1:<\/strong> (2.0 \u0111i\u1ec3m)<\/p>\nH\u00e3y vi\u1ebft 01 \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n (kho\u1ea3ng 200 ch\u1eef) tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y Suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a anh\/ch\u1ecb v\u1ec1 y ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch \u1edf ph\u00e2n \u0110\u1ecdc hi\u00eau: T\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch, du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed \u00f3c, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch say m\u00ea g\u1ea5p tr\u0103m du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2n, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch trong kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1ea9n th\u1eddi gian.<\/em><\/p>\nC\u00e2u 2:<\/strong> (5.0 \u0111i\u1ec3m)<\/p>\nC\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a anh\/ch\u1ecb v\u1ec1 \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01a1 sau:<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/de-thi-thu-THPT-quoc-gia-mon-ngu-van-nam-hoc-2017-2018-viet-bac-cua-to-huu.png\")
B\u00e0i th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc c\u1ee7a T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu -\u0110\u1ec0 THI TH\u1eec THPT QU\u1ed0C GIA M\u00d4N NG\u1eee V\u0102N N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2017-2018<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nM\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 nh\u1edb ta<\/em><\/p>\n M\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m n\u0103m \u1ea5y thi\u1ebft tha m\u1eb7n n\u1ed3ng.<\/em><\/p>\nM\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 nh\u1edb kh\u00f4ng<\/em><\/p>\nNh\u00ecn c\u00e2y nh\u1edb n\u00fai, nh\u00ecn s\u00f4ng nh\u1edb ngu\u1ed3n?<\/em><\/p>\nTi\u1ebfng ai tha thi\u1ebft b\u00ean c\u1ed3n B\u00e2ng khu\u00e2ng trong d\u1ea1, b\u1ed3n ch\u1ed3n b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i<\/em><\/p>\nAo ch\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0a bu\u1ed5i ph\u00e2n li<\/em><\/p>\nC\u1ea7m tay nhau bi\u1ebft n\u00f3i g\u00ec h\u00f4m nay.<\/em><\/p>\n(Tr\u00edch Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc – T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu, d\u1eabn theo Ng\u1eef v\u0103n 12, t\u1eadp m\u1ed9t, S\u0111d, tr. 109)<\/em><\/p>\nG\u1ee2I \u00dd \u2013 H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN GI\u1ea2I \u0110\u1ec0 THI TH\u1eec THPT QU\u1ed0C GIA M\u00d4N NG\u1eee V\u0102N N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2017-2018<\/strong><\/h3>\nI. \u0110\u1eccC HI\u1ec2U <\/strong><\/p>\nC\u00e2u 1:<\/strong> C\u00e2u v\u0103n n\u00eau l\u00ean \u00fd kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch l\u00e0: Ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gh\u00e9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch.<\/p>\nC\u00e2u 2:<\/strong> Thao t\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch l\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh. T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a thao t\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y: ch\u1ec9 ra S\u1ef1 gi\u1ed1ng nhau gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi th\u00fa \u0111i ch\u01a1i b\u1ed9, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\nC\u00e2u 3:<\/strong> T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cho r\u1eb1ng: “Ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gh\u00e9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c” b\u1edfi v\u00ec: “S\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc” l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c “du l\u1ecbch” – “du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed \u00f3c, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch say m\u00ea g\u1ea5p tr\u0103m du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2n, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch trong kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1eabn th\u1eddi gian”, “K\u1ec3 l\u00e0m sao h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y trong cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng S\u00e1ch V\u1edf”.<\/p>\nC\u00e2u 4:<\/strong> HS r\u00fat ra \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 01 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. “Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng.”. C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee3p l\u00ed, c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\nTham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n
– Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng, do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u tri th\u1ee9c cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n
– Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng. N\u00f3 h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n nhi\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ni\u1ec1m vui, s\u1ef1 th\u00fa v\u1ecb \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n
– Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng. Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng.<\/p>\n
II. L\u00c0M V\u0102N <\/strong><\/p>\nC\u00e2u 1:<\/strong> HS vi\u1ebft \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn, kho\u1ea3ng 200 ch\u1eef theo m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, quy n\u1ea1p ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5ng – ph\u00e2n – h\u1ee3p…; S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thao t\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, ch\u1ee9ng minh, b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn, b\u00e1c b\u1ecf,…; c\u00f3 l\u00ed l\u1ebd v\u00e0 d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng h\u1ee3p l\u00ed, thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c; \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o quy t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh t\u1ea3, d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ngh\u0129 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh theo h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0m r\u00f5 v\u00e0 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00fd ki\u1ebfn: T\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch, du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed \u00f3c , m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch say m\u00ea g\u1ea5p tr\u0103m du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2n, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch trong kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1eabn th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n– N\u1ebfu l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn theo h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang, c\u1ea7n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t “t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, t\u1ef1 do”, “kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n” c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n
C\u1ea7n l\u00e0m r\u00f5 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh theo h\u01b0\u1edbng: T\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh nh\u1eefng tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng,… \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111i ch\u01a1i v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh quan t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed \u00f3c, qua S\u00e1ch v\u1edf (kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u00e1ch, truy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c). V\u00ec th\u1ebf, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111i du l\u1ecbch trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quay v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u1eb7c \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi mi\u1ec1n xa x\u00f4i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c m\u1ecdi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7c “du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2n” v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc qua s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa \u1edf nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3i nh\u01b0 Phan K\u1ebf B\u00ednh (1875 \u2013 1921): “Ng\u1ed3i trong x\u00f3 nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch l\u00e3m su\u1ed1t h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u01a1i danh lam th\u1eafng c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean h\u1ea1; xem tr\u00ean m\u1ea3nh gi\u1ea5y m\u00e0 tinh t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ebft c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c hay, vi\u1ec7c d\u1edf c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian, Sinh \u1ede Sau m\u1ea5y ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m m\u00e0 t\u1ef1a h\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe ti\u00e9ng b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Sinh v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea5y ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1edd c\u00f3 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3” (tr\u00edch H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t v\u0103n kh\u1ea3o).<\/p>\n
– N\u1ebfu l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00ean, c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh: \u0110i du l\u1ecbch c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ri\u00eang, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec1n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i du l\u1ecbch s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u00ecn ng\u1eafm c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt, S\u00f4ng n\u00fai, m\u00e2y tr\u1eddi, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1c quan, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt… t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh kinh nghi\u1ec7m, k\u0129 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng, bi\u1ebft v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u1edf s\u00e1ch v\u1edf v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c… Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch v\u1edf…<\/p>\n
– N\u1ebfu l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn theo h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1eeba kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eeba ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00fd ki\u1ebfn th\u00ec c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 hai n\u1ed9i dung tr\u00ean theo h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0ng \u0111i du l\u1ecbch v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n
C\u00e2u 2:<\/strong> \u00a0\u0110\u1ec1 b\u00e0i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HS tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7u trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc c\u1ee7a T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu.<\/p>\nC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng sau:<\/p>\n
a) Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0i n\u00e9t v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n
– T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01a1 T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu lu\u00f4n Song h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e0u ch\u1ea5t tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0 t\u00ednh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 ca c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n
– Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c: Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 40 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng che ch\u1edf, \u0111\u00f9m b\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u00e1t c\u00e1nh b\u00ean b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Sau chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7, cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft th\u00fac th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, th\u00e1ng 10 – 1954, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn r\u1eddi c\u0103n c\u1ee9 mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 mi\u1ec1n xu\u00f4i, Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 r\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4. T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn t\u1eebng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, nay t\u1eeb bi\u1ec7t chi\u1ebfn khu \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 xu\u00f4i. B\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh chia tay l\u01b0u luy\u1ebfn \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n
– \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt: Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc l\u00e0 kh\u00fac h\u00f9ng ca v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 kh\u00fac t\u00ecnh ca v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Th\u1ec3 th\u01a1 l\u1ee5c b\u00e1t, ki\u1ec3u k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1p, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1eadm ch\u1ea5t ca dao \u2013 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n kh\u1eafc s\u00e2u l\u1eddi nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7: u\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edb ngu\u1ed3n, h\u00e3y nh\u1edb m\u00e3i chi\u1ebfn khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng anh h\u00f9ng, b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t, \u00e2n ngh\u0129a, thu\u1ef7 chung c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n
b) Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01a1 s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch: n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m; n\u00eau c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i th\u01a1: ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i \u00e2n ngh\u0129a thu\u1ef7 chung v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n
c) Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01a1: Khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt (c\u00e1ch gieo v\u1ea7n, ng\u1eaft nh\u1ecbp, d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, chi ti\u1ebft, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tu t\u1eeb,…) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01a1. \u0110o\u1ea1n th\u01a1 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1p th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a “m\u00ecnh” v\u00e0 “ta” – ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra \u0111i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
– B\u1ed1n c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 hai c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u2013 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tu t\u1eeb da di\u1ebft, nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7p t\u1eeb ng\u1eef, \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng tinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ca dao, t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef d\u00e2n gian…, b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u00e2n t\u00ecnh s\u00e2u n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc v\u1edbi c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn trong gi\u1edd ph\u00fat chia tay \u0111\u1ea7y l\u01b0u luy\u1ebfn. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 b\u00e0i th\u01a1.<\/p>\n
– B\u1ed1n c\u00e2u sau l\u00e0 kh\u00fac d\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m x\u00fac chia tay \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau \u0111i\u00eau ch\u01b0a n\u00f3i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4 l\u1ed9, gi\u00e3i b\u00e0y. L\u1eddi h\u1ecfi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i c\u1edb g\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea1ch c\u1ea3m x\u00fac nh\u1edb th\u01b0\u01a1ng trong l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u00f4n tr\u00e0o.<\/p>\n
d) Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1:<\/p>\n
– B\u1eb1ng l\u1ed1i k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1p, c\u00e1ch x\u01b0ng h\u00f4 m\u00ecnh – ta quen thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a ca dao, t\u00e1m c\u00e2u th\u01a1 l\u00e0 kh\u00fac d\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7y l\u01b0u luy\u1ebfn, b\u1ecbn r\u1ecbn, n\u1eb7ng t\u00ecnh n\u1eb7ng ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra \u0111i. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u00e0i th\u01a1, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1eadp trung nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i th\u01a1.<\/p>\n
– Th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a phong c\u00e1ch ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt th\u01a1 T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu, \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01a1 n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u00e0 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc n\u00f3i chung kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 ca Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1eddi k\u00ec kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n
Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 thi th\u1eed THPT qu\u1ed1c gia m\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u0103n n\u0103m h\u1ecdc 2017-2018. C\u00e1c em c\u00f9ng tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u00e9. Ch\u00fac c\u00e1c em h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t!<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0110\u1ec0 THI TH\u1eec THPT QU\u1ed0C GIA M\u00d4N NG\u1eee V\u0102N N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2017-2018 I. \u0110\u1eccC HI\u1ec2U (3 \u0111i\u1ec3m) \u0110\u1ecdc \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch sau v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u: Ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,6,49,35],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7882"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7882"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7882\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7882"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7882"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7882"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u0110\u1ecdc \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch sau v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u:<\/strong><\/p>\n Ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gh\u00e9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch. <\/em><\/p>\n J.J. Ru-x\u00f4 v\u00e0 V. Huy-g\u00f4, hai v\u0103n h\u00e0o \u1edf Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u ca t\u1ee5ng th\u00fa \u0111i ch\u01a1i b\u1ed9. <\/em><\/p>\n J.J. Ru-x\u00f4 n\u00f3i: “L\u00fac n\u00e0o mu\u1ed1n \u0111i th\u00ec \u0111i, mu\u1ed1n ng\u1eebng th\u00ec ng\u1eebng, mu\u1ed1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt tu\u1ef3 \u00fd. C\u00e1i g\u00ec th\u00edch th\u00ec nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t, c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb9p th\u00ec ng\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. Ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y th\u00fa th\u00ec t\u00f4i \u1edf l\u1ea1i. H\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y ch\u00e1n th\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111i, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. <\/em><\/p>\n C\u00f2n V. Huy-g\u00f4 th\u00ec vi\u1ebft: “Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, t\u1ef1 do, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta vui v\u1ebb. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ng\u1eebng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u1ea1i \u0111i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n\u201d. <\/em><\/p>\n C\u00e1i th\u00fa t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i th\u00fa \u0111i ch\u01a1i b\u1ed9 \u1ea5y. T\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch, du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed \u00f3c, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch say m\u00ea g\u1ea5p tr\u0103m du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2n, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch trong kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1eabn th\u1eddi gian. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng. K\u1ec3 l\u00e0m sao h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y trong cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ch v\u1edf?<\/em><\/p>\n (Theo T\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc – m\u1ed9t nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, Nguy\u1ec5n Hi\u1ebfn L\u00ea, Ng\u1eef v\u0103n 11, t\u1eadp m\u1ed9t, NXB Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 2016, tr. 211 – 212)<\/em><\/p>\n C\u00e2u 1:<\/strong> C\u00e2u n\u00e0o n\u00eau l\u00ean \u00fd kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch?<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 2:<\/strong> N\u00eau t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a thao t\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch tr\u00eam.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 3:<\/strong> D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch, h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec sao t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng: “Ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gh\u00e9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c”.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 4:<\/strong> Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m: “Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng.” <\/em>gi\u00fap anh\/ch\u1ecb r\u00fat ra b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc g\u00ec cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n?<\/p>\n II. L\u00c0M V\u0102N (7,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m)<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00e2u 1:<\/strong> (2.0 \u0111i\u1ec3m)<\/p>\n H\u00e3y vi\u1ebft 01 \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n (kho\u1ea3ng 200 ch\u1eef) tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y Suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a anh\/ch\u1ecb v\u1ec1 y ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch \u1edf ph\u00e2n \u0110\u1ecdc hi\u00eau: T\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch, du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed \u00f3c, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch say m\u00ea g\u1ea5p tr\u0103m du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2n, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch trong kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1ea9n th\u1eddi gian.<\/em><\/p>\n C\u00e2u 2:<\/strong> (5.0 \u0111i\u1ec3m)<\/p>\n C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a anh\/ch\u1ecb v\u1ec1 \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01a1 sau:<\/p>\n M\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 nh\u1edb ta<\/em><\/p>\n M\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m n\u0103m \u1ea5y thi\u1ebft tha m\u1eb7n n\u1ed3ng.<\/em><\/p>\n M\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 nh\u1edb kh\u00f4ng<\/em><\/p>\n Nh\u00ecn c\u00e2y nh\u1edb n\u00fai, nh\u00ecn s\u00f4ng nh\u1edb ngu\u1ed3n?<\/em><\/p>\n Ti\u1ebfng ai tha thi\u1ebft b\u00ean c\u1ed3n B\u00e2ng khu\u00e2ng trong d\u1ea1, b\u1ed3n ch\u1ed3n b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i<\/em><\/p>\n Ao ch\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0a bu\u1ed5i ph\u00e2n li<\/em><\/p>\n C\u1ea7m tay nhau bi\u1ebft n\u00f3i g\u00ec h\u00f4m nay.<\/em><\/p>\n (Tr\u00edch Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc – T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu, d\u1eabn theo Ng\u1eef v\u0103n 12, t\u1eadp m\u1ed9t, S\u0111d, tr. 109)<\/em><\/p>\n I. \u0110\u1eccC HI\u1ec2U <\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00e2u 1:<\/strong> C\u00e2u v\u0103n n\u00eau l\u00ean \u00fd kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch l\u00e0: Ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gh\u00e9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 2:<\/strong> Thao t\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch l\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh. T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a thao t\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y: ch\u1ec9 ra S\u1ef1 gi\u1ed1ng nhau gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi th\u00fa \u0111i ch\u01a1i b\u1ed9, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 3:<\/strong> T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cho r\u1eb1ng: “Ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gh\u00e9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c” b\u1edfi v\u00ec: “S\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc” l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c “du l\u1ecbch” – “du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed \u00f3c, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch say m\u00ea g\u1ea5p tr\u0103m du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2n, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch trong kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1eabn th\u1eddi gian”, “K\u1ec3 l\u00e0m sao h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y trong cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng S\u00e1ch V\u1edf”.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 4:<\/strong> HS r\u00fat ra \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 01 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. “Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng.”. C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee3p l\u00ed, c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n Tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n – Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng, do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u tri th\u1ee9c cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n – Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng. N\u00f3 h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n nhi\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ni\u1ec1m vui, s\u1ef1 th\u00fa v\u1ecb \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n – Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng. Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng.<\/p>\n II. L\u00c0M V\u0102N <\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00e2u 1:<\/strong> HS vi\u1ebft \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn, kho\u1ea3ng 200 ch\u1eef theo m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, quy n\u1ea1p ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5ng – ph\u00e2n – h\u1ee3p…; S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thao t\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, ch\u1ee9ng minh, b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn, b\u00e1c b\u1ecf,…; c\u00f3 l\u00ed l\u1ebd v\u00e0 d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng h\u1ee3p l\u00ed, thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c; \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o quy t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh t\u1ea3, d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ngh\u0129 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh theo h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0m r\u00f5 v\u00e0 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00fd ki\u1ebfn: T\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch, du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed \u00f3c , m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch say m\u00ea g\u1ea5p tr\u0103m du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2n, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch trong kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1eabn th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n – N\u1ebfu l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn theo h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang, c\u1ea7n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t “t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, t\u1ef1 do”, “kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n” c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n C\u1ea7n l\u00e0m r\u00f5 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh theo h\u01b0\u1edbng: T\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh nh\u1eefng tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng,… \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111i ch\u01a1i v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh quan t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed \u00f3c, qua S\u00e1ch v\u1edf (kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u00e1ch, truy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c). V\u00ec th\u1ebf, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111i du l\u1ecbch trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quay v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u1eb7c \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi mi\u1ec1n xa x\u00f4i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c m\u1ecdi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7c “du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2n” v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc qua s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa \u1edf nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3i nh\u01b0 Phan K\u1ebf B\u00ednh (1875 \u2013 1921): “Ng\u1ed3i trong x\u00f3 nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch l\u00e3m su\u1ed1t h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u01a1i danh lam th\u1eafng c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean h\u1ea1; xem tr\u00ean m\u1ea3nh gi\u1ea5y m\u00e0 tinh t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ebft c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c hay, vi\u1ec7c d\u1edf c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian, Sinh \u1ede Sau m\u1ea5y ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m m\u00e0 t\u1ef1a h\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe ti\u00e9ng b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Sinh v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea5y ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1edd c\u00f3 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3” (tr\u00edch H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t v\u0103n kh\u1ea3o).<\/p>\n – N\u1ebfu l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00ean, c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh: \u0110i du l\u1ecbch c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ri\u00eang, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec1n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i du l\u1ecbch s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u00ecn ng\u1eafm c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt, S\u00f4ng n\u00fai, m\u00e2y tr\u1eddi, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1c quan, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt… t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh kinh nghi\u1ec7m, k\u0129 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng, bi\u1ebft v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u1edf s\u00e1ch v\u1edf v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c… Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch v\u1edf…<\/p>\n – N\u1ebfu l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn theo h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1eeba kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eeba ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00fd ki\u1ebfn th\u00ec c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 hai n\u1ed9i dung tr\u00ean theo h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0ng \u0111i du l\u1ecbch v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u 2:<\/strong> \u00a0\u0110\u1ec1 b\u00e0i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HS tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7u trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc c\u1ee7a T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu.<\/p>\n C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng sau:<\/p>\n a) Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0i n\u00e9t v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n – T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01a1 T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu lu\u00f4n Song h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e0u ch\u1ea5t tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0 t\u00ednh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 ca c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n – Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c: Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 40 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng che ch\u1edf, \u0111\u00f9m b\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u00e1t c\u00e1nh b\u00ean b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Sau chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7, cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft th\u00fac th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, th\u00e1ng 10 – 1954, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn r\u1eddi c\u0103n c\u1ee9 mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 mi\u1ec1n xu\u00f4i, Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 r\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4. T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn t\u1eebng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, nay t\u1eeb bi\u1ec7t chi\u1ebfn khu \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 xu\u00f4i. B\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh chia tay l\u01b0u luy\u1ebfn \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n – \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt: Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc l\u00e0 kh\u00fac h\u00f9ng ca v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 kh\u00fac t\u00ecnh ca v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Th\u1ec3 th\u01a1 l\u1ee5c b\u00e1t, ki\u1ec3u k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1p, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1eadm ch\u1ea5t ca dao \u2013 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n kh\u1eafc s\u00e2u l\u1eddi nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7: u\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edb ngu\u1ed3n, h\u00e3y nh\u1edb m\u00e3i chi\u1ebfn khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng anh h\u00f9ng, b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t, \u00e2n ngh\u0129a, thu\u1ef7 chung c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n b) Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01a1 s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch: n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m; n\u00eau c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i th\u01a1: ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i \u00e2n ngh\u0129a thu\u1ef7 chung v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n c) Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01a1: Khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt (c\u00e1ch gieo v\u1ea7n, ng\u1eaft nh\u1ecbp, d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, chi ti\u1ebft, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tu t\u1eeb,…) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01a1. \u0110o\u1ea1n th\u01a1 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1p th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a “m\u00ecnh” v\u00e0 “ta” – ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra \u0111i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n – B\u1ed1n c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 hai c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u2013 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tu t\u1eeb da di\u1ebft, nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7p t\u1eeb ng\u1eef, \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng tinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ca dao, t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef d\u00e2n gian…, b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u00e2n t\u00ecnh s\u00e2u n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc v\u1edbi c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn trong gi\u1edd ph\u00fat chia tay \u0111\u1ea7y l\u01b0u luy\u1ebfn. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 b\u00e0i th\u01a1.<\/p>\n – B\u1ed1n c\u00e2u sau l\u00e0 kh\u00fac d\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m x\u00fac chia tay \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau \u0111i\u00eau ch\u01b0a n\u00f3i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4 l\u1ed9, gi\u00e3i b\u00e0y. L\u1eddi h\u1ecfi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i c\u1edb g\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea1ch c\u1ea3m x\u00fac nh\u1edb th\u01b0\u01a1ng trong l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u00f4n tr\u00e0o.<\/p>\n d) Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1:<\/p>\n – B\u1eb1ng l\u1ed1i k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1p, c\u00e1ch x\u01b0ng h\u00f4 m\u00ecnh – ta quen thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a ca dao, t\u00e1m c\u00e2u th\u01a1 l\u00e0 kh\u00fac d\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7y l\u01b0u luy\u1ebfn, b\u1ecbn r\u1ecbn, n\u1eb7ng t\u00ecnh n\u1eb7ng ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra \u0111i. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u00e0i th\u01a1, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1eadp trung nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i th\u01a1.<\/p>\n – Th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a phong c\u00e1ch ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt th\u01a1 T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu, \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01a1 n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u00e0 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc n\u00f3i chung kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 ca Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1eddi k\u00ec kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 thi th\u1eed THPT qu\u1ed1c gia m\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u0103n n\u0103m h\u1ecdc 2017-2018. C\u00e1c em c\u00f9ng tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u00e9. Ch\u00fac c\u00e1c em h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t!<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0110\u1ec0 THI TH\u1eec THPT QU\u1ed0C GIA M\u00d4N NG\u1eee V\u0102N N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2017-2018 I. \u0110\u1eccC HI\u1ec2U (3 \u0111i\u1ec3m) \u0110\u1ecdc \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch sau v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u: Ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,6,49,35],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7882"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7882"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7882\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7882"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7882"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7882"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}G\u1ee2I \u00dd \u2013 H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN GI\u1ea2I \u0110\u1ec0 THI TH\u1eec THPT QU\u1ed0C GIA M\u00d4N NG\u1eee V\u0102N N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2017-2018<\/strong><\/h3>\n