\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng saccaroz\u01a1 v\u00e0 mantoz\u01a1 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 2 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

I\/ C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong> saccaroz\u01a1<\/h2>\n

\n
• \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng saccaroz\u01a1 c\u00f3 CTPT l\u00e0 C_{12<\/sub>H22<\/sub>O11<\/sub>.<\/li>\n}
• Trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng saccaoz\u01a1 c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c \u03b1 \u2013 glucoz\u01a1 v\u00e0 g\u1ed1c \u03b2 \u2013 fructoz\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau qua nguy\u00ean t\u1eed oxi gi\u1eefa C_{1<\/sub> c\u1ee7a glucoz\u01a1 v\u1edbi C2<\/sub> c\u1ee7a fructoz\u01a1 (C1<\/sub> \u2013 O \u2013 C2<\/sub>) g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u03b1-1,2-glicozi<\/li>\n}
• C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

  <\/p>\n

  \n
  • Do nh\u00f3m OH \u2013 hemiaxetal kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng saccaroz\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 m\u1edf v\u00f2ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o nh\u00f3m \u2013 CHO<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    II\/ T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00ed v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    – \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Saccaroz\u01a1 l\u00e0 1 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft tinh, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u, d\u1ec5 tan \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt h\u01a1n glucoz\u01a1<\/p>\n

    – Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3u l\u00e0 \u00a0185^{o<\/sup>C<\/p>\n}

    – \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Saccaroz\u01a1 trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00e2y m\u00eda (v\u00ec v\u1eady saccaroz\u01a1 hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00eda), c\u00f3 trong c\u1ee7 c\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng hay c\u00e2y th\u1ed1t n\u1ed1t\u2026<\/p>\n

    – Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e8n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh hay \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1t\u2026<\/p>\n

    III. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    1\/ <\/strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng saccaroz\u01a1 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ancol \u0111a ch\u1ee9c:<\/h3>\n

    \n
    • Do g\u1ed1c glucoz\u01a1 c\u1ee7a saccaroz\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a fructoz\u01a1 do \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c an\u0111ehit kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u00ean saccaroz\u01a1 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a 1 ancol \u0111a ch\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
    • Cho dung d\u1ecbch saccaroz\u01a1 h\u00f2a tan v\u1edbi k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a Cu(OH)_{2<\/sub> t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh dd ph\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u2013 saccaroz\u01a1 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh lam<\/li>\n}
    • \u00a0C12<\/sub>H22<\/sub>O11<\/sub>\u00a0+ H2<\/sub>O \u2192\u00a0C6<\/sub>H12<\/sub>O6<\/sub>\u00a0(glucoz\u01a1) + C6<\/sub>H12<\/sub>O6<\/sub>\u00a0(fructoz\u01a1)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      2\/ Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111isaccarit (ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n)<\/h3>\n

      Saccaroz\u01a1 khi b\u1ecb th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh glucoz\u01a1 v\u00e0 fructoz\u01a1 khi ta:<\/p>\n

      + \u0110un n\u00f3ng saccaroz\u01a1 v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch axit<\/p>\n

      + V\u00e0 c\u00f3 x\u00fac t\u00e1c enzim \u1edf trong h\u1ec7 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/p>\n

      3\/ \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng <\/strong>Saccaroz\u01a1<\/h3>\n

      a\/ \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Saccaroz\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u00e1nh k\u1eb9o hay n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1t\u2026Hay trong n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 pha ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

      b\/ \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng saccaroz\u01a1 t\u1eeb m\u00eda.<\/p>\n

      – \u00a0\u00c9p m\u00eda \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc ( trong m\u00eda c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 12 \u2013 15 % \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng)<\/p>\n

      – \u0110un n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00eda c\u00f9ng v\u00f4i s\u1eefa \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 60\u00baC<\/p>\n

      + Khi \u0111un c\u00e1c axit b\u00e9o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c protit trong n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00eda s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a v\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc b\u1ecf<\/p>\n

      + Khi \u0111\u00f3 saccaroz\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh mu\u1ed1i tan l\u00e0 canxi saccarat<\/p>\n

      C_{12<\/sub>H22<\/sub>O11<\/sub> + Ca(OH)2 <\/sub>+ H2<\/sub>O \u2192 C12<\/sub>H22<\/sub>O11<\/sub>.CaO.2H2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n}

      \n
      • Ti\u1ebfp theo s\u1ee5c kh\u00ed CO2 v\u00e0o dd v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc b\u1ecf k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a l\u00e0 CaCO3<\/sub> ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dd saccaroz\u01a1 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        C_{12<\/sub>H22<\/sub>O11<\/sub>.CaO.2H2<\/sub>O + CO2<\/sub> \u2192 C12<\/sub>H22<\/sub>O11<\/sub> + CaCO3<\/sub> + 2H2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n}

        – T\u1ea9y m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng dd kh\u00ed SO2<\/p>\n

        – Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ta c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c dd n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u, trong su\u1ed1t) d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. R\u1ed3i l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y li t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft tinh.<\/p>\n

        IV\/ \u0110\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng saccaroz\u01a1: Mantoz\u01a1<\/h2>\n

        1\/ C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/h3>\n

        – Mantoz\u01a1 hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ch nha. C\u00f3 CTPT C_{12<\/sub>H22<\/sub>O11<\/sub>.<\/p>\n}

        – \u1ede tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tinh th\u1ec3 th\u00ec ph\u00e2n t\u1eed mantoz\u01a1 g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 hai g\u1ed1c glucoz\u01a1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau t\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean t\u1eed C_{1<\/sub> c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1c \u03b1 \u2013 glucoz\u01a1 n\u00e0y v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed C4<\/sub> c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1c \u03b1 \u2013 glucoz\u01a1 kia qua 1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed oxi<\/p>\n}

        – C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a mantozo: \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a hai g\u1ed1c \u03b1-glucoz\u01a1 \u03b1 \u2013 C_{1<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 O \u2013 C4 g\u1ecdi <\/sub>l\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u03b1-1,4-glicozit:<\/p>\n}

        <\/p>\n

        2\/ T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        Do khi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a 2 g\u1ed1c glucoz\u01a1, trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed mantoz\u01a1 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 1 nh\u00f3m CHO, c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m OH li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 v\u1eady n\u00ean mantoz\u01a1 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 1 Ancol \u0111a ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a an\u0111ehit.<\/p>\n

        a\/ T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ancol \u0111a ch\u1ee9c: gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng saccaroz\u01a1 <\/strong><\/p>\n

        H\u00f2a tan dd Cu(OH)_{2<\/sub>\u00a0\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh lam.<\/p>\n}

        b\/ T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a 1 an\u0111ehit<\/strong><\/p>\n

        – Mantoz\u01a1 c\u00f3 tham gia ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch Brom.<\/p>\n

        C_{12<\/sub>H22<\/sub>O11<\/sub>\u00a0\u2192\u00a02Ag<\/p>\n}

        – Mantoz\u01a1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ddCu(OH)_{2<\/sub>\u00a0\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf g\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 Cu2<\/sub>O,<\/p>\n}

        c\/ Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Mantoz\u01a1 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh 2 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed glucoz\u01a1 khi ta:<\/p>\n

        – \u0110un n\u00f3ng mantoz\u01a1 v\u1edbi dd axit<\/p>\n

        – Hay c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c l\u00e0 enzim mantaza Glucoz\u01a1<\/p>\n

        C_{12<\/sub>H22<\/sub>O11<\/sub>\u00a0+ H2<\/sub>O\u00a0\u2192\u00a02C6<\/sub>H12<\/sub>O6<\/sub>\u00a0(glucoz\u01a1)<\/p>\n}

        3\/ \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        Th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n tinh b\u1ed9t nh\u1edd men amylaza c\u00f3 trong m\u1ea7m l\u00faa.<\/p>\n

        2(C_{6<\/sub>H10<\/sub>O5<\/sub>)n + nH2<\/sub>O \u2192 nC12<\/sub>H22<\/sub>O11<\/sub><\/p>\n}

         <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng saccaroz\u01a1 v\u00e0 mantoz\u01a1 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 2 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":8285,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[471,450],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8282"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8282"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8282\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8285"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8282"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8282"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8282"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}