D\u00c3Y HO\u1ea0T \u0110\u1ed8NG H\u00d3A H\u1eccC C\u1ee6A KIM LO\u1ea0I V\u00c0 B\u00c0I T\u1eacP \u00c1P D\u1ee4NG<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

I.Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb v\u1ec1 d\u00e3y ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n

D\u00e3y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i<\/p>\n

K, Ba, Ca, Na, Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Ni, Sn, Pb, (H), Cu, Hg, Ag, Pt, Au.<\/p>\n

D\u00e3y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc cho bi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n

1.M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e1o h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i qua ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

2.Kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc Mg ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ki\u1ec1m v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u00ed H2.<\/p>\n

3.Kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc hidro (H) ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 axit (HCl, H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng) gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u00ed H2<\/p>\n

4.Kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ( tr\u1eeb Na, K) \u0111\u1ea9y kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9ng sau ra kh\u1ecfi dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

II. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cho d\u00e3y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n

1.D\u00e3y c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u0111\u00fang theo chi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n?<\/p>\n

a.K, Mg, Cu, Al, Zn, Fe<\/p>\n

b.Fe, Cu, K, Mg, Al, Zn<\/p>\n

c.Cu, Fe, Zn, Al, Mg, K<\/p>\n

d.Zn, K, Mg, Cu, Al, Fe<\/p>\n

e.Mg, K, Cu, Al, Fe<\/p>\n

\u00a0B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3i<\/p>\n

D\u00e3y c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i theo chi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

c.Cu, Fe, Zn, Al, Mg, K<\/p>\n

2.H\u00e3y cho bi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3y ra khi cho<\/p>\n

a.K\u1ebdm v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ed3ng clorua<\/p>\n

b.\u0110\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch b\u1ea1c nitrat<\/p>\n

c.K\u1ebdm v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch magie clorua<\/p>\n

d.Nh\u00f4m v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ed3ng clorua<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u1ebfu c\u00f3<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3i<\/p>\n

a.Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: l\u00e1 k\u1ebdm tan d\u1ea7n , c\u00f3 kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf b\u00e1m ngo\u00e0i l\u00e1 k\u1ebdm, dung d\u1ecbch m\u00e0u xanh nh\u1ea1t d\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

PTHH:
\n\\[Zn + CuC{l_2} \\to ZnC{l_2} + Cu \\downarrow \\]<\/p>\n

b.Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: \u0110\u1ed3ng tan d\u1ea7n, c\u00f3 l\u1edbp kim lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0u b\u1ea1c b\u00e1m ngo\u00e0i l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng, dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh \u0111\u1eadm d\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

PTHH:
\n\\[Cu + 2AgN{O_3} \\to Cu{(N{O_3})_2} + 2Ag \\downarrow \\]<\/p>\n

c.Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00ec c\u1ea3 (kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc)<\/p>\n

d.Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Nh\u00f4m b\u1ecb tan d\u1ea7n , c\u00f3 kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf b\u00e1m ngo\u00e0i l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m, dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea1t d\u1ea7n<\/p>\n

PTHH:
\n\\[2Al + 3CuC{l_2} \\to 2AlC{l_3} + 3Cu \\downarrow \\]<\/p>\n

3.Cho 10,5 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p 2 kim lo\u1ea1i Cu, Zn v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng d\u01b0 , ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2,24 l\u00edt kh\u00ed (\u0111ktc)<\/p>\n

a.Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n

b.T\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3i<\/p>\n

S\u1ed1 mol hidro:<\/p>\n

\\[n{H_2} = \\frac{V}{{22,4}} = \\frac{{2,24}}{{22,4}} = 0,1(mol)\\]<\/p>\n

a.Trong d\u00e3y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc :<\/p>\n

Cu \u0111\u1ee9ng sau H n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi H2SO4(l)<\/p>\n

Zn \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc H n\u00ean t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi H2SO4(l)<\/p>\n

PTHH:
\n\\[Zn + {H_2}S{O_4}(l) \\to ZnS{O_4} + {H_2} \\uparrow \\]<\/p>\n

b.Theo PTHH:<\/p>\n

\\[n{H_2} = nZn = 0,1(mol)\\]<\/p>\n

V\u1eady, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Zn c\u00f3 trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p:
\n\\[mZn = n.M = 0,1.65 = 6,5(gam)\\]<\/p>\n

\u21d2 Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cu l\u00e0: mCu=mhh-mZn<\/p>\n

\u21d2mCu= 10,5-6,6=4(gam)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00c3Y HO\u1ea0T \u0110\u1ed8NG H\u00d3A H\u1eccC C\u1ee6A KIM LO\u1ea0I V\u00c0 B\u00c0I T\u1eacP \u00c1P D\u1ee4NG I.Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb v\u1ec1 d\u00e3y ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i D\u00e3y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[445,417],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8534"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8534"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8534\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8534"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8534"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}