CANXI OXIT<\/strong>
\nCanxi oxit c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 CaO, t\u00ean th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng.
\nCanxi oxit thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i oxit baz\u01a1<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Canxi oxit – V\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng
\nI. CANXI OXIT C\u00d3 NH\u1eeeNG T\u00cdNH CH\u1ea4T<\/strong>
\nCanxi oxit l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn, m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao ( kho\u1ea3ng 2585 \u0111\u1ed9 C)
\nCanxi oxit c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 oxit baz\u01a1
\n1.T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc
\n\\[CaO(r) + {H_2}O(l) \\to Ca{(OH)_2}(r)\\]<\/p>\n

Ca(OH)2 tan \u00edt trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea7n tan t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh dung d\u1ecbch baz\u01a1.<\/p>\n

CaO c\u00f3 t\u00ednh h\u00fat \u1ea9m m\u1ea1nh n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi axit
\n\\[CaO(r) + 2HCl({\\rm{dd}}) \\to CaC{l_2}({\\rm{dd}}) + {H_2}O(l)\\]
\nT\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi oxit axit:
\n\\[CaO(r) + C{O_2}(k) \\to CaC{O_3}(r)\\]
\nV\u00ec v\u1eady, canxi oxit s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ebfu l\u01b0u gi\u1eef l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Canxi oxit l\u00e0 oxit baz\u01a1<\/p>\n

CANXI OXIT C\u00d3 NH\u1eeeNG \u1ee8NG D\u1ee4NG<\/strong>
\nM\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn canxi oxit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p luy\u1ec7n kim v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Ngo\u00e0i ra, canxi oxit c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed chua \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt , x\u1eed l\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng, di\u1ec7t n\u1ea5m , kh\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

III. S\u1ea2N XU\u1ea4T CANXI OXIT<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t canxi oxit l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i. Ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1t l\u00e0 than \u0111\u00e1, c\u1ee7i, d\u1ea7u, kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc s\u1ea3y ra<\/p>\n

Nung \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2 nung v\u00f4i th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00f2 nung c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, than ch\u00e1y t\u1ea1o ta kh\u00ed cacbon, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t
\n\\[C(r) + {O_2}(k) \\to C{O_2}(k)\\]<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec7t sinh ra ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i th\u00e0nh v\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng ( nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean 900 \u0111\u1ed9 C)
\n\\[CaC{O_3}(r) \\to CaO(r) + C{O_2}(k)\\]<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

IV.H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN GI\u1ea2I M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 B\u00c0I T\u1eacP TRONG SGK<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.B\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eebng ch\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed7i d\u00e3y ch\u1ea5t sau:<\/p>\n

a.Hai ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng l\u00e0 CaO v\u00e0 Na2O<\/p>\n

b.Hai ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u l\u00e0 CO2 v\u00e0 O2<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

a.Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t CaO v\u00e0 Na2O (r\u1eafn, m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng):<\/p>\n

L\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u00edt c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1eabu th\u1eed<\/p>\n

Cho 2 m\u1eabu th\u1eed v\u00e0o 2 \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc sau \u0111\u00f3 quan s\u00e1t:<\/p>\n

M\u1eabu t\u1ea1o ra dung d\u1ecbch m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 s\u1eefa l\u00e0 m\u1eabu Ca(OH)2. –> m\u1eabu ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 CaO<\/p>\n

PTHH:
\n\\[CaO + {H_2}O \\to Ca{(OH)_2}\\]<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, m\u1eabu t\u1ea1o ra dung d\u1ecbch trong su\u1ed1t l\u00e0 m\u1eabu ch\u1ee9a NaOH –> m\u1eabu th\u1eed ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9a Na2O<\/p>\n

PTHH:
\n\\[N{a_2}O + {H_2}O \\to 2Na(OH)\\]<\/p>\n

b.Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 2 kh\u00ed CO2 v\u00e0 O2<\/p>\n

L\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u00edt c\u00e1c kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1eabu th\u1eed.<\/p>\n

Cho c\u00e1c m\u1eabu th\u1eed v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i trong ( dung d\u1ecbch Ca(OH)2 lo\u00e3ng ) d\u01b0:<\/p>\n

M\u1eabu t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tr\u1eafng l\u00e0 m\u1eabu ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed CO2<\/p>\n

PTHH:
\n\\[C{O_2} + Ca{(OH)_2} \\to CaC{O_3} \\downarrow + {H_2}O\\]<\/p>\n

M\u1eabu c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tr\u1eafng , m\u00e0 s\u1ee7i b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi dung d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 m\u1eabu O2( O2 kh\u00f4ng tan n\u00ean tho\u00e1t ra t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed)<\/p>\n

2.H\u00e3y nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft t\u1eebng ch\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed7i nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t sau b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n

a.\\[CaO,CaC{O_3}\\]<\/p>\n

b.CaO,MgO<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3i<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft t\u1eebng ch\u1ea5t \\[CaO,CaC{O_3}\\]
\nTr\u00edch m\u1ed9t \u00edt c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1eabu th\u1eed<\/p>\n

Cho c\u00e1c m\u1eabu th\u1eed v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n

M\u1eabu tan v\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 m\u1eabu ch\u1ee9a CaO<\/p>\n

PTHH:
\n\\[CaO + {H_2}O \\to Ca{(OH)_2}\\]<\/p>\n

M\u1eabu kh\u00f4ng tan l\u00e0 m\u1eabu ch\u1ee9a \\[CaC{O_3}\\]<\/p>\n

b.Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft t\u1eebng ch\u1ea5t CaO,MgO<\/p>\n

D\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00edch m\u1ed9t \u00edt c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1eabu th\u1eed<\/p>\n

Cho c\u00e1c m\u1eabu th\u1eed v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n

M\u1eabu tan v\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3ng li\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1eabu ch\u1ee9a CaO:<\/p>\n

PTHH:
\n\\[CaO + {H_2}O \\to Ca{(OH)_2}\\]<\/p>\n

M\u1eabu kh\u00f4ng tan, kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 m\u1eabu ch\u1ee9a MgO.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

CANXI OXIT Canxi oxit c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 CaO, t\u00ean th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng. Canxi oxit thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i oxit baz\u01a1 Canxi oxit – V\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng I. CANXI… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[445,417,407],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8663"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8663"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8663\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8663"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8663"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onthitot.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8663"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}